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• The Island of Laws

  5–14

  György Németh

  Views:

  47

  According to the well-known opinion of Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Plato was not familiar with Cretan customs when he wrote the Laws. If we compare the text of Nomoi with Cretan law inscriptions from the 7th-5th centuries, we can conclude that Plato’s knowledge of the laws of Cretan poleis was more profound than it had been assumed. It is especially true in the case of the regulation of alcohol consumption on the basis of Laws 666a-b and an inscription form Eleutherna (Nomima II.98; Lupu 323).

• To a beautiful soul. Inscriptions on lead mirrors (Collection of Roman Antiquities, Hungarian National Museum)

  101–113

  György Németh

  Ádám Szabó

  Views:

  107

  There is a collection of several hundred small Roman lead mirrors (former private collection) in the Hungarian National Museum. Greek or Latin inscriptions can be read on 17 mirrors. The present study publishes these items along with the drawings of the inscriptions. Such mirrors were found mainly in graves of women, functioning as escorts to the souls of the dead and as apotropaic amulets.

• A Curse Against the Greens

  117–121.

  György Németh

  Andrea Barta

  Views:

  14

  The curse tablet presented in this study is part of the collection of Musée Bargoin in Clermont-Ferrand. After its discovery in 1906, it was forwarded to Auguste Audollent for examination. However, no scholarly investigation has been conducted on the tablet since then, and it has not been published, save for a short reference. The tablet, as indicated by its inscription, may have been made with the intent of influencing the outcome of a North African chariot race involving the Green team.

• A Rhodian amphora handle in a private collection in Hungary

  7–8

  György Németh

  Views:

  51

  Publication of an amphora seal signed with the name Ainêtôr, from a Hungarian private collection.

• Cursed horses

  109–115.

  György Németh

  Edina Gradvohl

  Views:

  14

  In the collection of the Musée Bargoin in Clermont-Ferrand, there is a small lead tablet folded into a cylindrical shape around its longitudinal axis, therefore its interior is difficult to study. However, a faint drawing of a horse’s head can be seen on its outer surface. In the middle of the horse’s eye, there is a round hole, which the maker of the tablet used for the depiction by drawing around it an almond-shaped line, i.e. the contour of the eye. Its nose is somewhat narrow compared to its neck and is slightly phallic in shape. Dimensions of the tablet: height 140 mm, width 50 mm. Its finding location is uncertain, but the inventory book claims it was found in Bir el Djebbana, Carthage. Its dating is equally uncertain, according to the inventory book: 2nd century AD.

• Sequences of charakteres in some circus defixiones in Latin from Hadrumetum

  95–111

  György Németh

  Views:

  99

  A peculiar feature of a series of curse tablets from Hadrumetum, published by Audollent in his Defixionum tabellae (1904) and in a further study dated 1906, is that they contain four recurring sequences of magical charakteres. One of the sequences occurs on a single tablet, another on three tablets, the third in five, and the fourth is found 34 times on ten tablets. In each case the context is a curse against chariot-teams, i.e. charioteers and horses. Since the names of some charioteers show up on nearly all the tablets in the group, we may assume that the series was written over a relatively brief number of years. This inference is supported by the fact that the appearance and physical size of the tablets differ considerably. From these data we can conclude that there was a circle of magicians, using the same handbook and specialising in chariotracing, who invented the recurring sequences of charakteres, though – as far as we know – their innovation was not adopted in other regions.

• A Protecting Curse

  125–129

  György Németh

  Views:

  63

  The maskelli maskello spell was mostly used to increase the effectiveness of curses on curse tablets and in recipes of magic papyri. Curiously, the incantation appears in the texts of three amulets, one of them on a magic gem preserved in Leiden.

• Shields dropped

  5–16

  György Németh

  Views:

  102

  Ancient sources regarded throwing away one’s shield as a punishable crime in Greek poleis, and their testimony has been accepted by modern scholarship. However, if we read the accounts of actual instances of shield-dropping, we find that the interests of the whole community often took precedence over the demand to penalize shield-droppers.

• Magic Symbols (Charaktêres) on North African Curse Tablets as a Regional Feature

  199–215.

  György Németh

  Views:

  156

  This study examines the practice of magic symbols in North Africa to find out whether there was a regional peculiarity in the use of charaktêres that distinguished this area from other parts of the Roman Empire. Two phenomena appear to be more common in North Africa, though they may also occur elsewhere: first, charaktêres as encrypted names, and second, charaktêres as framing devices. First and foremost, though, some introductory remarks concerning charaktêres in general are made.

• Hieroglyphs in Greek Magical Texts?

  7-12.

  György Németh

  Views:

  208

  The paper examines hieroglyphs and magic signs resembling hieroglyphs attested in Greek and demotic magical texts.

• Valerius and Decoratus Crescens on CIL III 15169

  91–94

  György Németh

  Views:

  45

  The paper examines a rediscovered inscription (CIL III 15169) and its dating. It raises the question why the relief depicts one man, though a father and his son were buried under the gravestone.