Articles

• THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AROUSAL ZONE, ANXIETY, STRESS AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE

  Kata Németh

  László Balogh

  Views:

  2116

  This study aimed to examine the relationship between optimal functioning zone, anxiety, stress, and athletic performance. We conducted a systematic review of the available scientific articles and publications. Related literature was analyzed, relevant, or helpful in understanding the psychological aspects of athletic performance. It discusses the method and validity of hypotheses and approaches that have already appeared scientifically. We examined multidimensional approaches, which discuss the suitability and implications of some recent and more complex models of stress and performance. We may conclude that the relationship between stress and athletic performance is multidimensional. We also examined several factors, such as the interaction between the nature of the stressor, the cognitive needs of the task, and the individuals' psychological characteristics. Both physical and mental preparation is critical to successful sports performance. This way, the level of physical skills, mental preparedness significantly determine overall athletic performance. The article aims to provide a historical overview of the implementation, testing, and measurement of IZOF and other applied models.

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  1333

• IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIFIC SELECTION CRITERIA IN YOUNG BALL SPORT PLAYERS

  József Márton Pucsok

  Gergely Ráthonyi

  Katalin Varga

  Gabriella Perényi

  Andrea Lenténé Puskás

  Zoltán Bács

  László Balogh

  Views:

  322

  Background: Our study aimed to analyze body composition and spiroergometric data of young (14-15 years) elite level ball sport players. We suggested three-ball sports (handball, soccer, and basketball) share common performance indicators, as rapid intermittent movements primarily characterize each ball sport.

  Methods: We selected one-hundred and ten, handball (n=30), basketball (n=40), and soccer (n=40) players male and female from local clubs in Hungary. Seventy-nine males and thirty-one females participated in our study; their average age was 14.51 and 14.56, respectively. 

   They participated in laboratory testing; the protocol included a body composition analysis and spiroergometric tests. We measured body composition and physiological parameters utilizing an In Body 720 device and a standard Bruce treadmill protocol. Although we were aware of the Bruce protocol limitations in elite athletes, we choose this protocol as a safer alternative for younger inexperienced athletes.

  Results and conclusions: We concluded that in young male soccer and basketball players, mean peak /load (W), peak/VE (l), peak/Vtex (l), peak/VO₂ (ml/min), peak/VCO₂ (ml/min), and peak/ O₂ pulse (ml) data is a reliable indicator of the sport-specific performance.  We may also suggest that in our male basketball and handball players' population, peak/Vtex (l) is the only variable, which is significantly different. Between groups of male handball and soccer players, peak/VO₂/kg (ml/min) may be a valid performance indicator. Among female basketball and handball players, we found a significant difference in three performance variables: peak/Vtex (l), peak/VO₂ (ml/min), and peak/ O₂ pulse (ml).

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  77

• OFFICIALS DECISION-MAKING PROCESS IN OPEN SKILL SPORTS, A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

  Eszter Bíró

  László Balogh

  Views:

  367

  In the ever-accelerating world of sports, decisions are playing a more critical role. The coaches' decisions determine the outcome of the match. The study aimed to review what factors determine the decisions of sports officials in different sports. Today, many former players choose to stay in the sport and continue their activities as coaches. Nonetheless, there is no unified system for determining the experience of coaches. Various factors influence sports officials in their decisions. These can be both external and internal factors. Take the First heuristic leads to more consistent and better decisions. In terms of coaches and referees, the most studied and examined sport is football. Research in other sports appears in minimal numbers.

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  142

• EFFECT OF ELDERLY PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON THEIR COGNITIVE SKILLS DANCE AND DEMENTIA

  Lilla Barna

  László Balogh

  Views:

  607

  For the analysis, we used a review of English and Hungarian theories and systematic studies focusing on aging activity, dementia, successful aging, movement therapies, and its effects from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and Research Gate databases.

  Results: Today, a significant problem is a decline in aging's cognitive abilities and untreated nature. Thus, many studies report that positive change in life quality can be achieved through physical activity. Studies show that dance exercise programs (either in pairs or solos) do not impair patients' health with dementia.

  Conclusions: Physical activity positively affects the decline of cognitive functions; indeed, it does not impair brain function activation during aging. For the elderly with dementia and its variants, music and dance therapy have beneficial consequences, especially memory and reaction speed. Regular physical activity enhances physical and psychological well-being, resulting in an improved quality of life. 

   

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  352

• AN ANALYSIS OF NUTRITIONAL HABITS AMONG YOUNG HUNGARIAN ADOLESCENTS

  Brigitta Kárai

  Péter Hidvégi

  Views:

  392

  In Hungary, malnutrition within the unhealthy lifestyle is one of the main reasons for the high morbidity and mortality rate. In most cases, these attitudes develop in childhood; that is why it is important to feed children properly and educate them to lead a healthy lifestyle. The quantity and quality of meals also affect growth, development, and future health. Improper eating habits play a significant role in developing cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, and many cancers. Our goal is to explore the areas where students are most accessible, and prevention programs could reduce the proportion of obese youth, and at the same time, obese adults in the future.

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  221

• THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT ON FITNESS STATUS of UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

  József Márton Pucsok

  László Balogh

  Gergely Ráthonyi

  Katalin Varga

  Eszter Bíró

  Gabriella Perényi

  Andrea Lenténé Puskás

  Views:

  560

  The physical fitness state of university students has deteriorated over the years. Relevant data is needed to investigate this tendency thoroughly. We conducted a longitudinal examination among university students in Debrecen, Hungary. At the first stage of our examinations, we examined sixty male and female participants to assess their physical fitness status. They participated in four different activities (pilates, spinning, wellness-general fitness, body-shaping) once a week. Each exercise session lasted for 90 minutes. We conducted a pre-and post-exercise screening, which consisted of a Beep-test, push-up, and sit-up tests. 

  We hypothesized that the different types of activities might alter the exercise response. Aerobic performance, upper-body, and abdominal strength may differ depending on the type of exercise—international recommendations suggesting that 150 minutes of physical activity is necessary for physical fitness benefits. Our results demonstrated that 90 minutes of exercise might significantly improve inactive young adults' physical fitness state once a week.

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  174

• THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLOW PRONENESS, ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION AND LOCUS OF CONTROL AMONG DUAL CAREER ATHLETES

  Máté Tóth

  Brigitta Kiss

  Views:

  327

  Achieving peak performance is strongly connected to athletic flow experiences, and it is also considered one of the main goals in professional sports. For this reason, it essential to systematically examine any contributing factor connected to athletes’ flow proneness. This study examined the assumed connection between flow proneness, achievement motivation, and locus of control among dual-career athletes. Furthermore, the universality of sport flow experiences was also tested. We used Oláh’s (2005) Flow Questionnaire, Rotter’s (1966) Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, and the Achievement Motivation Test developed by Lang and Fries (2006). The test was shared online by the snowball method, and the sample consisted of 178 dual career athletes. According to the results, there is a significant connection between flow proneness, achievement motivation, and locus of control. The universality of flow was also proven.

  PDF (Hungarian)

  236