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• Admiral De Ruyter in Hungarian memory

  115-130

  Gábor Pusztai

  Views:

  6

  Michiel de Ruyter is a Dutch national hero. He is respected in Hungary as the liberator of
  the Protestant galley slaves. Since 1895, his name can also be read on the memorial behind
  the Great Church of Debrecen. De Ruyter has appeared in various forms in Hungarian
  memory during the centuries: either as a fearless soldier, a faithful Christian or as a symbol
  of reconciliation. His memory keeps changing but his spirit keeps living on in Hungarian
  memory.

• Die Erinnerungsgeschichte der Verfolgung ungarischer Galeerensklaven protestantischen Bekenntnisses im Deutschland des 18. Jahrhunderts

  91-113

  Attila Verók

  Views:

  8

  In the long 18th century described as the period of “peaceful Re-Catholicization” or
  “Catholic Restoration” in the writings about the ecclesiastical history of different
  congregations, the Roman Catholic Church used every means to push Protestants into
  the background and to render their lives impossible. As a result of intensified ReCatholicization, diverse means were employed to confront the communities and
  individuals, from the occupation of churches or schools and collective punishments,
  through the public humiliation and terrorization of individuals, to bloody torture and the
  annihilation of their livelihood. The partly violent spreading of Catholicism resulted in
  many controversial cases in the Carpathian Basin, which were reported on many
  publications in Western Europe. The examination of the early printed books in the
  Lutheran collection of books in Halle (Franckesche Stiftung) has brought numerous
  relevant texts from a Hungarian perspective to the surface, which allow studying the
  danger-fraught life circumstances of Protestants in the Carpathian Basin in the 18th
  century through the eyes of an external observer.

• De Nederlandse vertaling van Ferenc Pápai Páriz’ Rudus redivivum (1701)

  95-137

  László Zsigmond Bujtás

  Views:

  166

  Ferenc Pápai Páriz, Professor at the Reformed College of Nagyenyed in Transylvania published his work ‘Rudus redivium’ on church history in Hungary and Transylvania in 1684 in Nagyszeben. The Dutch physician and literary man, Abraham van Poot brought out another book entitled ‘Korte historie van de reformatie der kerken van Hongaryen en Sevenbergenʼ (Short history of the Reformation in Hungary and Transylvania) in 1701 in Amsterdam. Text analysis indicates that the Dutch book is a complete translation of the work of Pápai Páriz. A letter published at the end of the appendix of the Dutch work proves that the author and the translater knew each other. A unique copy of the Dutch book is preserved in the Metropolitan Ervin Szabó Library, Budapest.

• Schoolmasters of Karcag and Kisújszállás at Western European Universities and Academies Between the 17th and 19th Century

  21-57

  János Éliás

  Views:

  177

  The aim of our paper is to discuss the significance of particle schools of Karcag and Kisújszállás in 18–19^th century education history. Greater Cumania, the region that both towns are within, was almost 100% Calvinist since the Reformation, therefore, examining the influence of Calvinism on the region’s education is crucial. Our purpose is to introduce the schoolmaster’s office, the financial basis, and circumstances of going to Western European universities in the 18–19^th centuries, since the schoolmasters of these two towns have not been investigated yet. Our research is based on primary (archival) sources, mainly Hungarian Reformed districtual, diocesan, and congregational documents, canonical visitation records, and protocols. Our paper also provides a detailed prosopography database of the schoolmasters of Karcag and Kisújszállás.

• De drie gezichten van De Ruyter*: Admiraal De Ruyter in de Hongaarse herinnering

  205-221

  Gábor Pusztai

  Views:

  610

  Michiel de Ruyter is a Dutch national hero. He is respected in Hungary as the liberator of the Protestant galley slaves. Since 1895, his name can also be read on the statue behind the Great Church of Debrecen. De Ruyter has appeared in various forms in Hungarian memory during the centuries: either as a fearless soldier, a faithful Christian or as a symbol of reconciliation. His memory keeps changing but his spirit keeps living on in Hungarian memory.