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Schoolmasters of Karcag and Kisújszállás at Western European Universities and Academies Between the 17th and 19th Century
21-57Views:78The aim of our paper is to discuss the significance of particle schools of Karcag and Kisújszállás in 18–19th century education history. Greater Cumania, the region that both towns are within, was almost 100% Calvinist since the Reformation, therefore, examining the influence of Calvinism on the region’s education is crucial. Our purpose is to introduce the schoolmaster’s office, the financial basis, and circumstances of going to Western European universities in the 18–19th centuries, since the schoolmasters of these two towns have not been investigated yet. Our research is based on primary (archival) sources, mainly Hungarian Reformed districtual, diocesan, and congregational documents, canonical visitation records, and protocols. Our paper also provides a detailed prosopography database of the schoolmasters of Karcag and Kisújszállás.
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Actuele benaderingen van literatuurdidactiek in het NVT-onderwijs in Hongarije: Voorstudie bij een empirisch onderzoek
143-158Views:36This article deals with current approaches of teaching literature in NVT studies in
Hungary. The research examines the coherence of literature and foreign language teaching
– in this case Dutch as a foreign language. The general question, which requires both
theoretical and empirical research, is aimed at which methods exist with which foreign
language skills can be developed through the teaching of literature and literary skills
through foreign language pedagogy. The present article is the first step on this path: it
describes the situation of literature and foreign language teaching in Hungary and those
theoretical approaches that should act as the background of future didactic research. -
Nederlandse walvisvaarders op Nova Zembla: De beschrijving van N. Ozereckowsky uit de 18de eeuw
59-75Views:123The Russian Orenburg expedition made important discoveries in Russia’s inlands between 1768 and 1774. One of the members of the expedition Nikolai Ozereckowsky (1750–1827), who was only eighteen years old at the time, gave a description of Nova Zembla. In 1788, information of local fishermen was added by Ozereckowsky to this description, of which one was a short passage about Dutch sailors. In our article we would like to shed light on, besides the original text, the background of the Orenburg expedition and Dutch whaling.
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Van de Hongaarse poesta naar Noord-Borneo: De reisjournalen van Ferenc Witti
69-210Views:58On October 30th 1882, an article appeared in the New York Times about the death of an Austrian explorer on North Borneo who had been an officer of the British North Borneo Company. Later, however, it turned out that this person had been a Hungarian explorer who, after having studied at the Naval Academy of Vienna, joined the Company as an explorer. The present article is a short biography of Ferenc Witti and thus an introduction to the (according to our knowledge) first publication of the two journals that he kept during his first two expeditions on the island before meeting his death during the third one. Ferenc Witti was remembered by his superiors at the society as a devoted and fine explorer who had a keen eye for botanical, geographical and ethnographical peculiarities, which he described in his journals in a rather detailed way. His devotion led however also to his death. He had been warned by more people not to venture further inlands with a small party but he was convinced that his findings would be very useful for the Company so he carried on with his expedition. Today, a mountain range on Borneo bears his name and there is also a memorial Sandakan, which has been erected as a memento for those who lost their lives in the service of the British North Borneo Company. The name of Ferenc Witti is on the top of this memorial.
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Mapping the Land of Headhunters: János Xántus in Borneo
21-48Views:96This article studies the travel account of János Xántus on Borneo, presenting the island based on his journey made in 1870. The paper examines how Xántus provides both Hungarian scientists and armchair travelers with fascinating descriptions of the island, often switching between different writing styles and using various tropes of travel writing. Borneo is portrayed not only as unfamiliar but also as uncivilized and particularly un-European. While providing accounts of this little-know area, Xántus does not simply involve binaries of Self and the Other but also reveals his views on European colonization and domination in the region, in particular, he contrasts English and Dutch systems of authority and control, favoring the former and criticizing the latter. Besides the discussion of European influence, the paper also deals with Xántus’ portrayal of the Dayak people. At the end of the article, a translation of excerpts from Xántus’ publication is provided, discussing Dayak (headhunting) traditions, the situation of Dayak women, slavery, and local customs.
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Memories from Java: Ernő Zboray’s Collection at the Ferenc Hopp Museum of Asiatic Arts
223-238Views:35Ernő Zboray brought a set of wayang golek puppets along with other objects to Hungary from West Java in 1931. The collection was exhibited in the Ferenc Hopp Museum of Asiatic Arts in the same year and received wide coverage in the contemporary press. Although there are some unanswered questions concerning the exact origin of these objects, the collection is relatively well-documented. The records of the 1931 exhibition survived in the Archives of the Ferenc Hopp Museum of Asiatic Arts, provide a context which enables to view these pieces of art not as mere items from a strange world but as a set of objects that gave an insight into the traditional thinking of the people of Java.