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• Comparative study of a winter wheat variety and hybrid sown after different pre-crops on chernozem soil

  63-69

  Ágnes Fekete

  Péter Pepó

  Views:

  205

  Wheat production is a determining branch within Hungarian crop production (produced on nearly one million hectares). Weather anomalies caused by climatic change confirmed the importance of the biological background (variety, hybrid) in wheat production. The adapting ability and reaction of different wheat genotypes towards nutrient supply were studied in a long-term field experiment on chernozem soil type in the case of different pre-crops (sunflower and maize). According to the experimental results of the vegetation of 2017/2018, the yield of the variety Ingenio sown after the sunflower as previous crop ranged between 4168 and 8734 kg ha^-1, while in the case of maize as previous crop, this value ranged between 2084 and 7782kg ha^-1, depending on the applied nutrient supply level. The studied genotypes produced rather significant yield surplus as a response to the application of mineral fertilization (4.6–5.1 t ha^-1 after sunflower and 5.7–6.3 t ha^-1 after maize). Optimal mineral fertilizer dosage was determined by both the genotype and the pre-crop. N-optimum values of wheat genotypes was determined using regression analysis. In the case of the variety Ingenio sown after sunflower, the optimum range was N_144-150+PK, while after maize, it was
  N_123-150+PK, respectively. For the hybrid Hyland, these optimum ranges were N_114-120+PK, just as N_150-153+PK, resp. The application of optimal mineral fertilizer dosages improved water utilization of the studied wheat genotypes to a significant extent. WUE values of the control, unfertilized treatments ranged between 4.1–8.3 kg mm^-1, while in optimal fertilizer treatment, it ranged between 15.5 and 17.4 kg mm^-1.

• Effect of Irrigation on Maize Yield (Zea mays L.)

  30-35

  János Nagy

  Views:

  296

  We have been continually examining the fertilizer and irrigation reaction of commonly cultivated maize hybrids for nearly twenty years at the Látókép experimental station of the Center for Agricultural Sciences, Debrecen University.
  Upon evaluating the results, it can be established that year significantly influences the size of yield. Between the years of 1999 and 2002, in the average of applied fertilizers the difference is 3,4 t/ha, but even in irrigated treatments it reaches 3 t/ha. This is more than the effect of irrigation. Of the applied agrotechnical elements, the yield increasing effect of fertilization is the greatest and can even be greater than the effect of year. The yield increasing effect of fertilization can be reliably detected with small and medium doses, but at higher doses a plateau section is reached, where it is not worth applying more nutrients. Cultivation with irrigation can only be done with appropriate nutrient supply, due to the positive correlation of the two factors. The positive correlation also means that if the water supply of the plant declines, less fertilizer is needed for safe production. The two factors (irrigation and fertilization) have to be increased or decreased at the same time.
  According to the experiment, in unirrigated treatments, 90 kg/ha nitrogen and the related phosphorus and potassium are enough, while in irrigated treatments this was 120 kg.

• Observation of some parameters on adult millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) individuals by pre-post herbicides controlling mostly grass type annual weeds

  93-96

  László Nagy

  Views:

  58

  The experiment was conducted in warmer mean daily temperature than the many years average, and almost in the same precipitation conditition as the many years average. The herbicides employed were sprayed in the 3-4 leaf stages developing phase of the millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) population by the dose of officially proposed. On the basic of the results, the herbicides didn’t effect deleteriously, in most instances, on the cultur  plants in sort and long periodus at all. Tendenciously the values of parameters observed were sligtly better after the Stomp 330EC than the Dual Gold 960EC. ( The values of the parameters are significantly better at the treated variants than the control ones, are in realation with the wheather and development stile of the millet, beside the different weeding status of the plots.)