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• The effect of drought and cropping system on the yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.)

  51-53

  Salifu Mahama

  Views:

  122

  Different Cropping Systems have many advantages and ensure better crop growth and yielding. Its combination with other agronomic measures can ensure optimal crop density for maximum crop growth and photosynthesis efficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different cropping systems on monoculture and biculture rotations [maize- wheat]. The study found that crop rotation does not have a significant effect on the grain nutrition quality, Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) but has a significant effect on the Soil-Plant Analysis Development (SPAD). Yield and yield components were significantly influenced by crop rotation in this study as yield, plant height, cob weight and number of grains per row all recorded lower mean at 5% probability levels.

• Effects of different groundcover matters on nutrient availability in an integrated apple orchard in Eastern-Hungary

  21-25

  Péter Tamás Nagy

  Views:

  77

  The aim of our study is to examine the effects of different groundcover methods on nutrient availability and uptake of apple orchard. The
  experiment was carried out at the orchard of TEDEJ Rt. at Hajdúnánás-Tedej, in Eastern Hungary. The orchard was set up on lowland chernozem soil in the Nyírség region. It was established in the autumn of 1999, using Idared cultivar grafted on MM106 rootstocks at a spacing of 3.8 x 1.1 m.
  The applied treatments were divided into two groups according to origins and effects. On the one hand, different livestock manures (cow,
  horse and pig), on the other hand different mulch-matters (straw, pine bark mulch, black foil) were used. The different manures and mulches
  were applied on the surface to test the effectiveness of these materials.
  The effectiveness of manure treatments was higher than the other treatments on AL soluble P content of soil. Mostly the manure treatments
  increased the AL soluble K of soil. Our all treatments increased 0.01 M CaCl₂ soluble NO3 ^- -N content of the examined soil layers. The effect
  of manure treatments was the highest. From the results it was evident that the amount of easily soluble organic nitrogen fraction distributed
  more homogeneously than the other mineral N fractions examined.
  Our results can be summarized as follows:
  1. Our results pointed out that the used ground covering matters divided into several categories regarding its effect.
  2. The available N, P and K contents of soil were mostly increased by applying manures.
  3. The effectiveness of straw, mulch and mostly black foil was lower.
  4. Differences were found between nutrient supplying treatments and the treatments which did not supply nutrients.