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• The study of the fertilizing effect of wheat straw ash in a greenhouse experiment

  47-51

  Rita Kremper

  Réka Hidvégi

  Andrea Balláné Kovács

  Jakab Loch

  Views:

  464

  The effect of wheat straw ash as a fertlizizer was studied in a pot experiment with an acidic sandy loam soil (pH_KCl=4.9) with weak K and P supply. The test plant was ryegrass (Lolium perenne). The treatments were the following: 1. control untreated soil, 2. NPK fertilizer, 3. small dose of ash (1.4 g kg^-1), 4 large dose of ash (2.8 g kg^-1), 5. small dose ash completed with NP fertilizers. Soil parameters (pH_H2O, pH_KCl, ammoinum-lactate soluble P, K, 0.01 M CaCl₂ soluble PO₄^3--P, K, Mn, Cu, Zn ) and plant parameters (yield, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn uptake) were investigated. Based on the analysis of the straw ash sample and the results of pot experiment it can be stated that the wheat straw ash is suitable for the fertilization of the studied soil. The small dose ash completed with NP resulted in the largest yield increment (43%). In order of the treatments the pH_KCl changes to: 4.9, 4.8, 5.2, 5.8, 5.1. As the N : P₂O₅ : K₂O ratio is 0 : 1: 3.5 in the wheat straw ash sample, to reach optimal yield ash should be completed with N and P.

• Effect of different sources and doses of sulphur on yield, nutrient content and uptake by spring wheat

  109-115

  Evelin Kármen Juhász

  Andrea Balláné Kovács

  Views:

  418

  The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of two sulphur forms (sulphate and tiosulphate) in combination with three different N:S ratios on the yield of spring wheat and total N- and S-content and uptake by the aboveground biomass on chernozem and sandy soil. In the greenhouse experiment, the effects of two sulphur forms were compared: sulphate (SO₄^2-) and thiosulphate (S₂O₃^2-). The sulphate was applied as potassium-sulphate (K₂SO₄) and thiosulphate as ammonium-thiosulphate ((NH₄)₂S₂O₃). Increasing doses of both sulphur forms (24, 60, 120 kg S ha^-1) were used with the same nitrogen dose (120 kg N ha^-1) which caused three different N:S ratios background (1:0.2, 1:0.5, 1:1). Nitrogen was supplied in the form of monoammonium-phosphate (MAP), ammonium-nitrate and ammonium-thiosulphate. Plant samples were taken in three different development stages of spring wheat based on the BBCH scale: at the stage of BBCH 30–32 (stem elongation), BBCH 65–69 (flowering) and BBCH 89 (ripening). The total nitrogen and total sulphur content of plant at different development stages and also wheat grain were measured by Elementar Vario EL type CNS analyser. The nutrient uptake by plant and grain was calculated from the yield of spring wheat and the N and S content of plant.  The grain yield on chernozem soil ranged between 6.31 and 12.13 g/pot. All fertilised treatments significantly increased the grain yield compared to the control. The highest yield was obtained in the case of the application of 120 kg N ha^-1 and 60 kg S ha^-1in sulphate form. The grain yield on sandy soil varied from 2.53 to 6.62 g/pot. The fertilised treatments significantly enhanced the yield compared to the control. The highest yield was observed in the case of the application of 120 kg N ha^-1 and 60 kg S ha^-1 in thiosulphate form. On chernozem soil the increasing doses of sulphur (24, 60, 120 kg S ha^-1) with the same N dose (120 kg N ha^-1) increased the N-content of spring wheat at all development stages and in the grain. The treatments with different sulphur sources did not cause further changes in the N-content. On sandy soil in the most cases the N-content did not change significantly as a result of increasing sulphur doses. The treatments with sulphate form basically resulted higher nitrogen-content than treatments with thiosulphate form. The treatments with increasing sulphur doses resulted higher S-content on both of chernozem and sandy soil in the case of all development stage. Comparing the effect of the applied sulphur sources on the S-content it can be stated that at the stage of BBCH 30–31 and 65–69 the treatments with sulphate form resulted higher sulphur-content. At the stage of BBCH 89 there was no significant differences in S-content of grain as a result of different sulphur-sources.

• Physiological examination of some industrial wastes under laboratory conditions

  241-246

  Brigitta Tóth

  Views:

  323

  I would like to draw the attention to the different side-products and wastes that contain lots of organic matter, micro and macro elements, and the fact that they do not have any harmful effect. These materials can be used as micronutrient fertilizers, therefore quantity of the produced CO₂ and other greenhouse gases will decrease. Compost, sewage sludge and lime sludge were used in our experiments. The usability of these materials in crop production was examined in crop production within laboratory conditions.