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• Technological development of sustainable maize production and its effect on yield stability

  379-388

  Mihály Sárvári

  Views:

  204

  In 2015 and 2016, we examined the effect of NPK nutrients, sowing date and plant density on yield on typical meadow soil. The amount of precipitation was 282.0 mm in 2015 (January–September), 706.0 mm in 2016 and the 30-year averageis 445.8 mm.

  Agrotechnical factors:

  – Experiment a)

             5 Dow AgroSciences hybrid with three sowing dates and three plant densities

  – Experiment b)

  In 2015 eight, in 2016 ten hybrids with different genetic characteristics and growing seasons, with control (without fertilization), N80+PK and N160+PKtreatments, five plant densities (50–90 thousand) with 10 thousand plants difference between the different densities.

  In a drought year, we reached the higher yield in the earlier sowing date and with the lower lower plant density of 70 thousand plants ha-1-. The maximum yield, depending on the agrotechnical factors, was 10–12 t ha-1 in 2015, while in 2016 it was 14–16 t ha-1. Yield stability can be increased using hybrid-specific cultivation techniques.

• The effect of fertilization and plant protection in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production

  57-63

  Zoltán Futó

  Views:

  257

   Sunflower is the most important oil crop in Europe which is grown on the biggest area of all the oil crops. The area of producing sunflowers in Hungary was changing to 524–704 thousand hectares in the past decade in comparison with approximately 100 thousand hectares in the 1970’s. In our experiment different sunflower hybrids were examined. The doses of fertilizers were the following in 2017 and 2018: 0–30–90–150 kg ha^-1 N, 0-50-90-90 kg ha^-1 P₂O₅ and 0–70–110–110 kg ha^-1 K₂O. Three different treatments of plant protection were used in the experiment to protect them from fungal infections. A rise in the dosage of nitrogen resulted in increasing infection. The biggest fungal infection was identified in 150 kg ha^-1 N, 90 kg ha^-1 P₂O₅ and 110 kg ha^-1 K₂O treatment. The largest infection was measured on plots without plant protection at the highest N doses, both in leaf and disc diseases. We measured the highest 41.25% in 2017 and 53.1% in 2018 Diaporthe helianthi infection, and 24.5% in 2017 and 25.5 % in 2018 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disc infection in these plots. kg ha^-1

  Average yield was changing between 2.96–4.67 t ha^-1 in 2017/2018. The lowest yield was obtained in the absolute control plot (without plant protection and without nutrient) in both years, which was 2.96 t ha^-1 in 2017 and 3.14 t ha^-1. The yields increased due to growing nutrient supply and excellent plant protection. The highest yields were 3.67 t ha^-1 in 2017 and 4.67 t ha^-1 in 2018 (150 kg ha^-1 N, 90 kg ha^-1 P₂O₅ and 110 kg K₂O active substance). Purpose of the experiment at analysing the impact of different treatments on the profitability of sunflower production.

   

• Changes in the Quality of Winter Wheat Varieties in a Comparative Experiment

  179-183

  Péter Sipos

  Zoltán Győri

  Views:

  118

  The hungarian seed grain supply offers more and more varieties from the field crops for public cultivation in every year. The number of the admitted varieties by state doubled from 1996 to 2001. The question is what changes can the varieties newly inproved show in the quality parameters.
  32 varieties admitted in different years was examined on quality parameters as wet gluten content, valorigraphic value and falling number from period 1996-2001. We established that the newer varieties surpassed the traditional varieties of the variety-comparativing experiment in accordion to they wet gluten content. In connection with formation of valorigraphical value we saw that the new varieties got place in the varieties admitted for public cultivation in quality based examining. The varieties showed different reaction of fertilizer on the formation of these two parameters. In connection with the formation of the value of falling number the examined varieties suited for the requirements of quality crop production in the experimental years excepted some of them.

• The management and economical aspects of GPS based machine-control and tractor-implement sincronisation

  161-167

  Ágnes Szolnoki

  Views:

  207

  Precision farming has an array of technological equipment, elements and complete systems which are in themselves suitable to create conditions for efficient farming, to reduce environmental load and to provide farmers with optimal return on their investment.

  On the leading edge of my research is to introduce the economic benefits of precision logistic optimization with satellite navigation in wheat and maize harvesting. My hypothesis, claiming that a well-organized system can increase the number of working days by 4 days per harvesting season in maize, and 2 days in wheat crop. If the farmer makes contract works for harvesting it means for him 2 or 4 days extra work by using the precision farming technologies with satellite communication system. Overall, as pertains to wheat and maize harvest seasons, yearly revenues can be increased by 7 760 000 HUF. I would like to introduce that the precision technologies increase combine costs by merely 5.4% which can be return in the first year of using.