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Differences Between Standard and Sport-Specific Countermovement Jumps in High-Performance U18 Male Water Polo Players: A Cross-Sectional Study
Views:207Introduction: Vertical jump capacity is essential for evaluating lower-limb performance in water polo, especially under dryland testing conditions. While power or force is often implied, jumping height remains the primary measurable outcome in these protocols. Aim: This study aimed to compare vertical jump performance in U18 male water polo players using two jump types: the standard Counter-movement Jump (CMJ) and a modified "Frog Style" CMJ (CMJ-Frog), hypothesizing that the latter better reflects sport-specific lower-limb mechanics. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional, within-subjects design was employed on a sample of 39 male water polo players from the Under-18 category (mean height: 183.02 ± 5.43 cm; mean weight: 75.20 ± 10.41 kg). Each athlete performed three maximal trials of two jump protocols: the standard Counter-movement Jump (CMJ) and the modified sport-specific CMJ-Frog. Jump height was measured using the OptoJump Next system. Data analysis comprised descriptive statistics and normality assessment using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Inferential statistics were conducted via paired-samples t-tests to compare protocols within subjects, with effect sizes calculated using Cohen's d. Results: CMJ-Frog jumps yielded significantly higher values (37.43 ± 4.59 cm) than standard CMJs (34.17 ± 4.49 cm), t (38) = -7.46, p < .001, with a large effect size (d = 1.19). Conclusions: The CMJ-Frog style may serve as a more functionally relevant assessment for evaluating vertical jump capacity in Under-18 male water polo players, as it better reflects the mechanics of aquatic elevation during gameplay. It may offer a more specific alternative for performance testing and monitoring in aquatic athletes. Future studies should validate the CMJ-Frog protocol in senior players and investigate its relationship with in-water performance metrics.
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OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT METHODS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE INJURY TREATMENT
Views:814Voluntary contractions of skeletal muscle made up of striated muscle tissue cause body movements and are well controlled. One of the most characteristic features of skeletal muscle is its high in vivo and in vitro regeneration capacity, but with greater muscle loss, the regeneration process is exhausted and requires intervention support. It follows that muscle injury is a constant challenge for the clinic. In the last century, especially in the last few decades, a number of techniques have been developed to promote muscle regeneration, including various surgical techniques, physical therapy, biomaterials, muscle tissue cultivation, cryotherapy, magnetic field application and cell therapy. At the same time, there is still a great need to develop new methods and materials that promote skeletal muscle improvement and functional regeneration. In this study we give a comprehensive picture of the epidemiology of muscle tissue loss, highlight current strategies for clinical management, and discuss new methods of muscle regeneration and the challenges of their future clinical transformation.
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DISTRIBUTION OF ASSESSMENT VALUES OF PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT DEVELOPMENTAL RATES
Views:334In the past two decades, a strong negative trend can be observed in the development of the abilities of preschool children. Fewer and fewer children meet the criteria for school readiness by the age of six. Children with high levels of neurological immaturity do not even start school but are already lagging. The developmental deficit of partial skills is so significant that specific learning difficulties can be predicted as early as the end of kindergarten age. Although this large backlog can be made up, extra effort must be made on the part of both parents and teachers. With our research, we sought to answer whether the performance of preschool-age children, which deteriorates year by year, covers all partial abilities or if areas with a particularly negative trend can be identified. The most obvious tool for checking children's neurological maturity is the measurement of motor and sensorimotor functions. Based on the measurement results of 58 large groups of kindergarten children (6 ± 1 years) with different developmental rates, we examined the values of the skills that need development and predicted the occurrence of learning difficulties in the examined sample. In the sensory and sensorimotor functions group (18 tests), 40 of the 58 children examined need to develop their gestalt vision. During the elementary movements (12 tests) examination, walking on the outer sole appeared to be an area for improvement in 39 out of 58 children. Among the examined areas of body perception (6 tests), the values of the sense of balance and the cross-schemes were the highest, with 31 points. The specialty of fine motor skills and hand use (3 tests) is that all test segments received a value above 30 points.
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NIGHT-TIME DYSPNEA EPISODES AND HEART RATE VARIABILITY
Views:982Purpose: We wanted to assess the values of expected night-time and day-time variability of the heart rate, in the presence of dyspnea episodes during night-time, recorded by a Holter monitor.
Objective: Our aim was to investigate whether nocturnal breathing disorders affect the HRV indexes.
Methods: 40 patients participated in our survey. 20 of them experienced episodes of night-time breathing difficulty, and the control group consisted of 20 participants in whose case there were no episodes of night-time breathing difficulty. We were examining the domains of time and frequency of heart rate variability, using day-time and night-time values recorded by a 24-hour Schiller Medilog Holter monitor. We evaluated the distribution of the parameters with a continuous codomain, their typical distribution and expected values on histograms, and summarized them in a table. For the examination of the difference in averages the Two-Sample T- Test was used, where p<0.05.
Results: The vegetative equilibrium ratio and the standard deviation of the R-R intervals showed a significant difference between the apnea patients and the healthy group at night. Examining the severity of apnea, we didn't find significant difference between the two groups in the mean of the time and frequency indices, however, a decrease in the values of the apnea group was observed compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Night differences in the vegetative equilibrium rate and time parameters of the apnea patients and the control group, as well as differences in the HRV index recorded by the change in the severity of the disease, draw attention to the importance of the HRV indicators with HOLTER monitors.
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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SPORT RECREATIONAL PARK USE IN SZEGED’S ERZSÉBET LIGET
Views:350Objective: Our research was aimed to explore the opportunities Szeged’s largest park, the Erzsébet Liget's offers in the area of sport recreation, in addition, the composition, the sports habits, and the contentment of the park's adult visitors who came from nearby and also from more distant places. We hypothesized that the characteristics of access to the park and the characteristics of park use depend on the proximity of the user's residence. At the same time, their socio-demographic features and contentment are unrelated.
Method: Our primary data were gained using random paper-based questionnaires (N=108). Those people were asked who was doing some physical exercise at various sports scenes in the park. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to explore the relationship between different categorical variables.
Results: The proximity of the park and the users' place of residence was strongly related to the travel time and the chosen mode of transport. At the same time, it did not show any significant relation to the features of park use for sports. These features, primarily due to the elderly visitors, only impacted the frequency of park visits with an aim other than sport. Also, no significant difference was found concerning the park's proximity, contentment with the services, and socio-demographic variables, although some tendencies were identified.
Conclusion: The park's proximity did not have an impact of significance concerning the composition and the contentment of park visitors and their use of the sports facilities.
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KÜLÖNBÖZŐ ÉTRENDEK, DIÉTÁK HATÁSA A SPORTTELJESÍTMÉNYRE
Views:866The fuel of the human body is food, more specifically the nutrients it contains, so even non-athletes need to pay close attention to what they eat. It is even more important for athletes to develop performance-optimizing eating habits. Sport nutrition is one of the biggest opportunities for performance optimization that has become more and more important recently. There are many special diets, perhaps the best known are: ketogenic diet, Mediterranean diet, vegetarianism, paleo diet. We need to choose our diet while maintaining good health. We should not forget that a long-distance runner, for example, may need a completely different diet than a weightlifter. However, no two people are the same, individuals have different genetics, weight, body composition, movement intensity, metabolism, and the goal they want to achieve, which is why an individualized diet combination within each sport results in the best performance. In our study, we aimed to analyze the effect of diets of different compositions on sports performance based on the mentioned aspects. In the course of our work, we collected and reviewed relevant content on Google and Pubmed. Overall, it can be said that developing the right diet can be a multiplier return on investment. Sport as a physical activity determines lifestyle, including nutrition. Proper, balanced nutrition is essential for both athletes and non-athletes
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EXAMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DANCE AND COGNITIVE SKILLS DANCE AND DEMENTIA
Views:1718Introduction: The study of dance and cognitive abilities is a common research topic today, as well as many studies and articles on the aspects of physical activity and cognitive relationships. Studying the topic is essential, as the two components actively influence our performance and quality of life, regardless of gender, age, or education
Objective: To examine the effect of dancing activities has a beneficial effect on motor and cognitive abilities. Furthermore, to investigate the interaction of dance and dementia. Researching exercise programs that do not worsen or accelerate the processes associated with aging, but help to stagnate dementia at that time.
Method: For analysis, we used an overview of English and Hungarian studies focusing on dance and dementia from Google Scholar and Research Gate.
Results: According to most research articles, various dance therapies have an impact on cognitive abilities, and studies have shown that dancing exercise programs (either in pairs or solo) do not impair the health of people with dementia. Many studies do not provide accurate test data, which would be extremely important as further research is conducted.
Conclusions: First, there is a significant relationship between cognitive function and physical activity. On the other hand, there are no specific procedures, exercise programs, or measurement methods that can improve dementia.
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THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT ON FITNESS STATUS of UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Views:1294The physical fitness state of university students has deteriorated over the years. Relevant data is needed to investigate this tendency thoroughly. We conducted a longitudinal examination among university students in Debrecen, Hungary. At the first stage of our examinations, we examined sixty male and female participants to assess their physical fitness status. They participated in four different activities (pilates, spinning, wellness-general fitness, body-shaping) once a week. Each exercise session lasted for 90 minutes. We conducted a pre-and post-exercise screening, which consisted of a Beep-test, push-up, and sit-up tests.
We hypothesized that the different types of activities might alter the exercise response. Aerobic performance, upper-body, and abdominal strength may differ depending on the type of exercise—international recommendations suggesting that 150 minutes of physical activity is necessary for physical fitness benefits. Our results demonstrated that 90 minutes of exercise might significantly improve inactive young adults' physical fitness state once a week.