A 2014-ben indult Új Nézőpont a Hajdú-Bihar Megyei és Debreceni Honismereti Egyesület évnegyedes online folyóirata, amely felvállalja szűkebb régiója (a szabolcsi hajdúvárosok, a Hajdúkerület, Hajdú-Bihar vármegye és jogelődei, Debrecen, valamint a Tiszántúl, továbbá a volt partiumi és kárpátaljai vármegyék) múltjára vonatkozó kutatások első, teljesen elektronikus megjelenésű, különböző tudományterületeket összekapcsoló szakmai fórumának szerepét.
Hajdú-Bihar Megyei és Debreceni Honismereti Egyesület
Copyright (c) 2026 László Brigovácz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Beszámoló a Hajdú-Bihar Vármegyei Levéltári Napokról
Az 53. Hajdú-Bihar Vármegyei Levéltári Napokat 2026. május 19–20-án rendezték meg Debrecenben. Az eseményt az MNL Hajdú-Bihar Vármegyei Levéltára, valamint a Debreceni Egyetem Egyetemi és Nemzeti Könyvtára szervezte. A rendezvény központi témája a levéltári innovációk, a mesterséges intelligencia alkalmazása, valamint a kvantitatív történetírás új lehetőségei voltak, de a történelem anyagiságának tapasztalata is viszsza- visszatérő eleme volt az előadásoknak.
Copyright (c) 2026 László Dávid Törő (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Bihar vármegyei főispánok adattára 1920–1944
Horthy Miklós kormányzósága idején a vármegyei és törvényhatósági városi közigazgatás szervezetei a dualizmus korában kialakított struktúrákat követték, élükön a főispánok álltak és ebben változást csupán a szovjet mintájú tanácsrendszer 1950-es bevezetése jelentett. Bihar vármegye esetében már történtek próbálkozások az 1920 és 1944 közötti időszakban hivatalit viselő főispánok beazonosítására, azonban az eddig megjelent munkák nem jutottak kielégítő, teljes körű eredményre. Jelen közlemény ezért a hivatalos, állami kiadású forrásokra támaszkodva nevezi meg azon személyeket, akik a megjelölt időintervallumon belül betöltötték ezt a pozíciót. Ezen túlmenően közlésre kerülnek kiegészítő, összehasonlításra is alkalmas életrajzi és hivataltörténeti adatok is: a főispánok születési ideje és helye, felekezeti hovatartozása, kinevezésük és lemondásuk időpontja, valamint korábbi és későbbi közigazgatási vagy politikai szerepvállalásaik.
Copyright (c) 2026 Richárd Rajmund Szőke (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Eckhardt Sándor történetírói útja a Minerva folyóirattól Bessenyei Györgyig
A tanulmány Eckhardt Sándor történetírói pályájának a Minerva folyóirathoz köthető szakaszát vizsgálja az 1920-as évek első felében. Ebben az időszakban Eckhardt elsősorban a Minerva Társaság és a folyóirat munkatársaként tevékenykedett. A tanulmány célja, hogy az itt megjelent teoretikus írásokat a folyóirat szűkebb kontextusában, valamint az európai történetírás tágabb összefüggésrendszerében értelmezze. Külön figyelmet kapnak a felvilágosodásról és a francia forradalom eszméiről szóló tanulmányok, valamint azok a Bessenyei Györgyhöz kapcsolódó szövegek, amelyek ugyan nem a Minervában jelentek meg, de szervesen illeszkednek a korszak felvilágosodásdiskurzusába.
Copyright (c) 2026 Zoltán Paál (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A fekvőbeteg-ellátás ötéves tervcéljainak teljesülése Magyarországon 1960 és 1970 között
1945 után a kórházi ellátórendszert újra kellett építeni, mi több jelentősen fejleszteni, mivel az egészségbiztosítási rendszert elkezdték kiterjeszteni. A tanulmány célja bemutatni, hogy a második és harmadik ötéves terv során kitűzött célok milyen mértékben valósultak meg, hogyan változott az általános ágyellátottság mértéke Budapest és vidék között és milyen jellemzői voltak a kórházi ágyak területi elhelyezkedéseinek. Ezekre a kérdésekre komparatív módszerrel (a célkitűzések és a megvalósulások összehasonlításával), valamint térképes ábrázolással szeretnék válaszolni. Az 1965-tel végződő terv céljai nagyrészt teljesültek, legkevésbé az új kórházak építését tudták betartani, az 1970-es évvel végződő harmadik ötéves tervnél azonban szinte mindenhol elmaradások voltak. Az általános ágyakkal való ellátottság aránya Budapest és a vidék között háromszorosról kétszeresre csökkent, mely eredmény kontextusfüggő, a kórházak és ágyszámok ábrázolása során pedig kirajzolódtak mely területek ágyhiányosak.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dominik Herka (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Az Alföld diskurzusai a 19. század eleji útleírásokban
Az Alföld diskurzusai a 19. század eleji útleírásokban A tanulmány a 19. század első felének magyar útirajz-irodalmát vizsgálva az Alföld reprezentációinak és diszkurzív átalakulásának elemzésére vállalkozik. Kiindulópontja, hogy az útleírások nem pusztán leíró jellegű források, hanem a korabeli térérzékelés, esztétikai normák és nemzeti identitásképzés metszéspontjában létrejövő szövegek, amelyek a tájat kulturálisan közvetített tapasztalattá alakítják. A dolgozat központi tézise szerint az Alföld képe a század elejétől a reformkor végéig jelentős diszkurzív átalakuláson megy keresztül: a kezdetben negatív esztétikai kategóriákkal (üresség, monotonitás, formátlanság) jellemzett síkság fokozatosan a nemzeti identitás egyik kitüntetett térbeli hordozójává válik. A tanulmány végkövetkeztetése szerint a 19. század eleji útleírások az Alföldet nem egyszerűen földrajzi térként, hanem komplex mentális és kulturális konstrukcióként ábrázolják. E szövegek hozzájárulnak egy olyan nemzeti térképzet kialakulásához, amelyben az Alföld egyszerre jelenik meg perifériaként és központként, a szabadság és a kiszolgáltatottság, az otthonosság és az idegenség paradox területeként.
Copyright (c) 2026 Imre Nagy (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Bihar-kutatás 2016 (konferenciabeszámoló)
Copyright (c) 2016 László Brigovácz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Bihari Diéta szervezőbizottságának konferencia-felhívása
Copyright (c) 2016 Editorial Board (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The City Museum of Hajdúböszörmény was opened in 1924, which was a long-awaited event in the city’s cultural life. In 1949, the Museum was declared a public collection and became a scientific institute with full-fledged rights. In 1951, it picked up the Hajdúsági Museum name, and at that time, its first permanent exhibition was opened, which was followed by new ones on the expansion of the museum’s materials. The Museum took its place in the former Hajdú District Hall (which is a historical memorial since 1st January, 2012). As the largest regional museum of Hajdú-Bihar county, its primary task is to collect, preserve and process the material and spiritual values of the six „old” Haiduk towns (Hajdúböszörmény, Hajdúszoboszló, Hajdúnánás, Hajdúdorog, Hajdúhadház and Vámospércs) and to present those to the wider public. In addition, it performs a wide range museum education work, and takes part in the most important events of the museum profession, supported by civil associations and volunteers.
Copyright (c) 2016 Marianna Bálint, Ibolya Gombos-Orosz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Csobán Endre 1929-es angliai útinaplójának részlete
The story of Endre Csobán's trip to England is contained in three small-format pocketbooks, which are stored in The Hungarian National Archives Hajdú-Bihar County Archives. Csobán traveled to London to get acquainted with and learn the essential modern techniques of repairing diplomas in the National Archives of Britain, in the Public Record Office. The passage published here is from the first notebook. He recorded his journey starting from the preparations and the events that happened to him between 27 July 1929 and 16 August 1929 in a 16.5 x 10.5 cm, greenish-brown, cloth-bound, lined booklet. Endre Csobán's diaries are important contemporary documents that provide cultural history, political and literary additives. Moreover, they are also valuable from the point of view of researching and writing personal history, and generally, from the historical psychology side. The the finely toned image of the inner life of the writer unfolds from the entries which portray a man who is receptive about and responsive to the things of the world.
Copyright (c) 2016 István Topor (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
„Rejtett ellenállás” – A kollektivizálás Székelyföldön lezajlott folyamatáról
The collectivization took place in the socialist era, its aim was to completely transform the rural society and economy according to the Soviet model. During the process, the private peasant farms were violently liquidated, and collective farms were established. The collectivization process in Seklerland started in 1947/1948 and went on until 1962. This long-term process manifested in its complexity, and it generated intense emotions and conflicts, as well as pretended agreement, silent oppositions, uncertainty and fears. In my study, I non-exhaustively mention some major events from the collectivization period, and I go into detail about the people’s hidden resistance and struggle against the power, which happened in Seklerland in the period in question.
Copyright (c) 2016 Ildikó Fekete Deák (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Méliusz Juhász Péter Könyvtár Helytörténeti Gyűjtemény és Fotótára
The Méliusz Juhász Péter Library was created by the incorporation of the Debrecen City Library and the Méliusz Juhász Péter County Library in 2013, although it has already been performing local history activities via its legal predecessors for more than sixty years. The Local History- and Photo Collection, operating inside the new building, serves the research needs related to settlements of Bihar county and Hajdú-Bihar county. It collects and processes the county- and settlement monographs, local history bibliographies, volume studies, yearbooks, maps, newspapers, photographs, small prints. It performs local knowledge media monitoring, and builds electronic database from its material. The library organizes local-related exhibitions, book presentations, local history lectures and gives opportunities for local history researchers to present their research. During its activities, it diversely cooperates with educational and cultural institutions in Hajdú-Bihar County. The collection’s material can be used locally by registered and daily reader’s ticket owners.
Copyright (c) 2016 Andrea Nagyné Marton (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Kutatócsoport alapítása a Debreceni Királyi Törvényszéki Fogház iratanyagának hasznosításához (1933–1944)
Our study presents potential guideline policies on how to utilize the mass emitted sources of the law enforcement system in the interwar period. The paper is divided into three main sections, of which the first deals with the organization of the group, the resources and the database in progress. The second part of the work presents one of the group’s research directions, which focuses on using anthropometric methods. The last great chapter contains source based criminal statistical and social examination from the resident individuals of Debrecen. Finally, the overview gives information about future plans and prospects. In front of the public, the work group showed itself in two scientific presentations, which, together with this study, is considered as a foundation.
Copyright (c) 2016 Róbert Káli, Ádám Magyarosi (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Berettyó Kulturális Központ – Bihari Múzeum létrejötte, működése és szakmai gyűjteményei
The Bihar Museum in Berettyóújfalu is the Bihar area’s regional museum with four decades of history. It opened in the former residence of the Fényes family in October 1974. In 2001, it moved to the Main Square, into the first floor of the former village hall. From 1 February 2016, it has been the member institution of the newly formed Berettyó Cultural Center. The museum performs research and collection work on Bihar’s history, ethnography, folklore and literary history. The temporary exhibition hall organizes 4-6 exhibitions in a year, partly based on its own collection, and partly from the works of local artists, objects of collectors, and partly by presenting traveling exhibitions. It also carries out a wide-ranging public education task, and it has several decades history in museum educational work. The implementation of its programs are helped by non-governmental organizations, local enterpretours and volunteers. On the Museum of the Year national competition, it was rewarded twice (2004, 2011) with the ministerial special prize; and on the Museums’ 2015 Picnic, the institute was awarded with the „Museum of the Year 2014” honourable title.
Copyright (c) 2016 Marianna Korompainé Mocsnik (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Miről mesélnek a levéltári források? – A Magyar Agrártudományi Egyetem Mezőgazdaságtudományi Kara Debreceni Osztályának története (1945–1949)
At the end of 1944, Debrecen became the capital of the country for the second time. The Provisional National Assembly was summoned here, and it established the Provisional National Government. The Provisional National Government's Regulation No. 8740/1945 M.E decided to set up the Hungarian Agricultural University. The university was established in Budapest with four faculties. One of the provincial departments of the Faculty of Agriculture opened in Debrecen on 1 October 1945. The Department of Debrecen faced great difficulties due to serious damages in the appliances as a result of the war. The department was in a constant financial deficit over the four years of its existence. Next to the farm, an experimental field, a horticulture, a poultry farm, an apiary, and a silkworm colony operated. The number of students registered in the department usually ranged from 160 to 260 people. In the Department of Debrecen, The North of Tiszántúl Agricultural Science Research Community was formed with five groups in March, 1949. The Minister of Agriculture terminated the operation of the departments in Debrecen, Keszthely and Mosonmagyaróvár at 12 o'clock on 17 March 1949. This measure was explained by the fact that the countryside departments had a relatively small number of students, therefore, supporting the operation of the high-cost departments was not economical. After a long time, the agricultural training terminated in Debrecen.
Copyright (c) 2016 Ágnes Tóth (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Levéltári gyűjtemények Hajdú-Bihar megye szocializmus kori agrártörténetírásához
This study focuses on the local (county) archival sources of the cooperative farms of Hajdú-Bihar county, and examines the possibilities of how to use them, besides some basic questions of the socialist era’s public- and social history. Within this, the thesis intends to enumerate the essential sources for the collective farms- and post-World War II agriculture research by highlighting the importance and utilization practice of the archival writings and collections (data warehouse, archival reference library, and oral history resources).
Copyright (c) 2016 Gergely Kovács (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Az új gazdasági mechanizmus bevezetése Hajdúnánáson, az MSZMP iratainak tükrében
The study examines through the example of Hajdúnánás, a plainsfolk agricultural-like town, that due to the political lessons of the 1956 revolution and the failure of the previous economic policy, the new economic management implemented a complex reform which was unique among the Soviet bloc countries: the New Economic Mechanism. The thesis also evaluates the role of the state party's local organization in the preparation and implementation of the program. The research shows that in Hajdúnánás, just like on the state level, the reforms mostly brought advancement. This made it fundamentally possible for the agriculture to become the success industry of the Kádár era, and for the city’s industrial factories to make a big step forward from the rigid system of plan directions to a business-like management. Although the New Economic Mechanism was finally blown, its effect left a significant mark on the economy of the Kádár era, and thanks to that Hungary became one of the most livable states in the socialist camp as „the happiest barrack”.
Copyright (c) 2016 András Husvéth (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A margittai fazekas ipartársulat alapszabályai
In Margitta, Bihar County (now Marghita, Bihor, Romania), there has been a centuries-old history of pottery. According to the legislation, the pottery association was formed in 1874. Its charter is described in the current study. The document lays down the rules of the organization, which – among others – refer to entry and exit, and clarify the rights and duties of the members, define the operation and organizational structure of the association and the to-dos in the event of termination or fusion with another corporation.
Copyright (c) 2016 Mária Sándor (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Copyright (c) 2015 László Brigovácz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Visszapillantás a Római Katolikus Egyházmegyei Levéltár és Könyvtár első húsz évére
In 1993, Pope John Paul II in his decree starting with Hungarorum gens regularized the borders of the Hungarian Roman Catholic dioceses, and established the Debrecen-Nyíregyháza Episcopate including Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg and Hajdú-Bihar counties as a new diocese (besides that of Kaposvar). The memorandum of association of the Diocesan Archives was signed by Nándor Bosák diocesan on 30th December 1995. The collection including the archives and library was formed to save the book and document materials of the priestless parishes of the diocese (and the filias belonging to them). The registration as public private archives took place in 1997. Since the autumn of 2001, it operates with regular opening hours. The section-level settlement of the documents of the 38 handled parishes was completed in 2013, its fondlist was finished by the spring of 2014. In 2015, the institution moved to a separate building at 17 Varga str. Researchers are also offered an expanding themed, singificantly increasing amount of manual library to choose from. Its first publication: Katolikusok Debrecenben (Catholics in Debrecen) 1715-2015 was released in 2015.
Copyright (c) 2015 József Takács (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Bihar vármegyéből származó debreceni polgárok beköltözési év, lakóhely és foglalkozás szerinti megoszlása (1733–1867)
In 1715, Debrecen was awarded with the free royal city title, the local citizenship was appreciated. Not surprisingly, the bourgeoise recruited primarily locally. However, numerous inmoving were successfully integrated and even became citizens. The Matricula Civium is the best resource to analyze the inmoving and naturalized inhabitants between 1733 and 1867. According to the available data, most of the settlers came from the Northern-Tiszántúl region. Among the counties from which most people moved, Bihar possessed the first place: 423 Biharian won civil rights, that is, Bihar was a stable base of the recruitment of Debrecen’s inhabitants. The majority of settlers had practiced some form of industry: Debrecen meant a suction force on the craftsmen of surrounding settlements, thereby strengthening its market position, and, at the same time, weakening the smaller settlements. Although individual motivational factors can also be revealed, it were basically the reformed, industrialist people of Hungarian ethnicity, living in the agglomeration, who ensured the replenishment of Debrecen’s population from the Bihar area.
Copyright (c) 2015 Csaba Katona (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Nők Debrecen magisztrátusi jegyzőkönyveiben (1697–1705)
In my study, I examine the representation of girls and women in the magistrate reports of Debrecen between 1697 and 1705. These are very exciting resources, which allow a glimpse into the contemporary everyday life of Debrecen. First, I present women's role in various lawsuits, for instance, what they were accused of in most cases, or what they litigated for. Next, I summarize how we can can meet them as a merchant, a customer of bookings, or in some other form, in the entries relating to property sales. Finally, I present some examples on how these appear in particular council and guild provisions.
Copyright (c) 2015 Rita Papp (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Miskolczy család iratai (adatbázis-ismertető)
The database about the Miskolczy family’s writings summarizes the legacy documents of the Miskolczy family of Mezőtelegd generated between 1569 and 1940 which are kept in the Museum of Bihar. In addition to basic data of the writing of the papers, it provides comments referring to the content of the documents to assist the scientific research of the family which played a historical role in Bihar county. The database, together with the general information attached to it is available in the Database menu of the Bihar research site (http://biharkutatas.hu).
Copyright (c) 2015 Nikolett Lisztes (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
„Domus senatoria”, avagy városvezetés Debrecenben 1361-től 1693-ig
This study consists of two parts: the first part summarizes the development and operation of the city leadership in the period between the acquisition of the borough title (1361) and the free royal city status (1693). Based on the charters given to the city, it shows how Debrecen developed a high degree autonomy by the end of the 17th century. The second part presents the foundation of the ancient town hall, the „domus senatoria” consisting of several civic houses where the magistrate directed the city life with absolute power. Both parts of the study were written based on original archival data.
Copyright (c) 2015 Erzsébet Szendiné Orvos (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
A Hajdú-Bihar Megyei és Debreceni Honismereti Egyesület tudományos és közművelődési tevékenysége
Our organization performs and supports researches about the present-day Hajdú-Bihar, the old Hajdú and Bihar counties and Partium. The biharkutatas.hu website is one of the two essential enterprises which collect the Bihar related knowledge and make it available together. The other one is Új Nézőpont (New Perspective), an online quarterly periodical which uses and publishes multidisciplinary studies. The events happening until now let us hope that both will work as highly sought and useful forums in the future, too.
Copyright (c) 2015 László Brigovácz, Ákos Szendrei (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Katonák Debrecenben: terhek, konfliktusok, bűnesetek a 17-18. század fordulóján
In the first part of my paper I write briefly about the burdens that afflicted Debrecen during the recapture wars and Rákóczi’s War of Independence. In the further sections of the study, I examine the crimes perpetrators or victims of which were some kind of soldiers (e.g. quartered German soldiers, Kuruces). I used the city magistrates’ and criminal tribunal protocols between 1697 and 1705 as source material, which contain a lot of useful information about how the civil population of the city kept contact with the various soldiers.