Search

Search Results

• The relationship between audiovisual and musical characteristics in television commercials

  72-91.

  Dániel Róbert Szabó

  Views:

  208

  Television commercials are a popular tool of marketing communication. The music that accompanies them is able to attract and maintain the viewers’ attention. Their role and potential impacts have been shown by various research papers; however, the literature of this topic can be characterized as having rather varied focal points and is generally considered to be fragmented. In this study, which is of an exploratory nature, commercials for brands with the highest brand value are analyzed. The study seeks to understand what kind of relationship can be found between music and visual events in commercials, and between these events and the main characteristics of the music used? Based on the results, we can claim that the strength of the visual-sound linkage in the commercials and the intensity of the main characteristics of the music used typically show a positive correlation.

  Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes: M31, M37

• Are business relationships institutions?

  Tibor Mandjak

  Views:

  126

  The question is simple; the answer could be quite complicated. Inter-organisational marketing researchers define business relationships as interactive exchanges between two organisations. Does this mean anything for institutional economists? A business relationship is created by weaving actor bonds, resource ties and activity links. Business relationships exist and change through time. The establishment, development, maintenance, as well as termination of a business relationship all require investments from the participating parties. A business relationship does not exist in an isolated manner, but other market and non-market actors can equally influence it. In reality, numerous other relationships and actors affect business relationships. As a result, these actors indirectly influence business relationships through the change in behaviour of one of the parties within the business relationship. These directly and indirectly affected relationships create a business network. For an organisation business relationships have different functions. External resources needed
  for operation and value creation are fed by them. Value creation for the customer and value sharing with the customer take place in business relationships. They are forms of an organisation’s interdependence. A business relationship is a special form of governance of the partners’ mutual efforts. A business relationship has its own value for each organisation. Each organisation has several business relationships, each with different value. In business markets,
  where buyers are always organisations, the business relationship portfolio is the market itself. Inter-organisational marketing researchers use very different theoretical foundations to study business relationships. Modern contract law based research distinguishes about a dozen norms of behaviour in business relationships. Institutional economic-rooted studies argue that we should use the plural-forms approach (price, authority and trust must be employed together) to explain these very complex phenomena. Research using communication theory concluded that multiple periods of business negotiations were required to develop even primitive norms. The paper concludes with some elements of a possible answer to the title question.