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• A STUDY ON THE INCIDENCE OF GOALS AND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCORING THE FIRST GOAL AND WINNING THE MATCH IN THE HUNGARIAN BEACH SOCCER CHAMPIONSHIP

  da Silva Luiz Escobar Passos

  László Balogh

  József Márton Pucsok

  Views:

  175

  Although beach soccer has become increasingly popular in recent years an only a minimal number of scientific research has been conducted in this area. The beach soccer is characterized by high intensity (HR max above 90 %) intermittent movements, which primarily requires the involvement of the anaerobic metabolic system. The objective of this study was: (i) to analyze the incidence of goals in the Hungarian Beach Soccer Championship in relation to the periods of the game that tend to occur; (ii) to identify the team that scored the first goal of the game, analyzing the influence of this event  on the final result  (iii) to identify and quantify the periods of the match won by the winner team. We examined all the goals (n = 1.065) in the Hungarian Championship (2016-2017) of beach soccer. We found that nearly 38 percent of goals are scored in the last period of the matches, the team that scores the first goal of the game features an average 74.44 percent probability of winning.  We observed, that almost 24 percent of the teams, which achieved overall success also earned the 1st and 3rd periods. Thus, it is suggested that the higher incidence of goals in the 3rd period of the matches is associated mainly with the interaction of physical and psychological factors. Regarding the influence of the first goal on the final result, we assumed that the psychological factor appears to interfere with greater relevance.

• WITH THE APPEARANCE OF COVID-19 THE DETERMINATION OF THE „FINISHED” ICE HOCKEY CHAMPIONSHIPS’ FINAL RESULTS – FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE THEORIES OF JUSTICE

  Róbert G. Zimányi

  Views:

  135

  COVID-19 has long-term effects – solving (or trying to solve) these primary social problems attention can also be focused on sport as a social subsystem. The study examines the competitive sport, including the final results of championships in ice hockey. Most championships were going on when the COVID-19 pandemic broke out. As a result, the most of the championships were suspended – which were either continued after the restrictions, or ended the season. What about the ice hockey tournaments, where the season ended prematurely? In this case, was the final result determined as well? If so, on what basis? At determining the final results, the organizers tried to make the most just decision. However, on what basis is it just to determine the final results of these championships? The study examines several theories of justice which play a (key) role in determining the final result of ice hockey in different championships. The study confirms this theory in several case examples: the organizers (league association) really made a just decision. The only, but the most important question is: which theory of justice was (or theories of justice were) dominated in determining the final results? In each case examined, the principle of meritocracy appeared (at some level). In accordance to the nature (telos) of the competitive sports, at determining of the final results the idea of meritocracy dominated. However, there is also a difference within meritocracy: between the timeliness and actuality of the reached results. In addition to the achievements on the sports field, the egalitarianism has also appeared in many cases, as another theory of justice – as well as the utilitarianism (by Bentham and Mill).