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The Correlation between LGBTQ Tolerance and Economic Development in Europe
31-51Views:283This study analyses the relationship between LGBTQ tolerance and economic development. It uses various indices measuring tolerance and economic data of 48 European countries. Based on previous literature I outlined how economic progress is supposed to have an impact on the social inclusion of marginalised groups. Also, a number of empirical reports are cited providing substantial evidence that tolerance can too shape economic performance. The main aim of this paper is to confirm that these findings in fact hold water in Europe. Having examined the regression analysis of GDP per capita and tolerance, as well as HDI and tolerance, I found that the modernisation theory proved valid on my sample. The other component of my analysis focusing on the sway of social inclusion over FDI showed that more tolerant states attract more foreign capital. These results led me to believe that economic progress and LGBTQ inclusion are interrelated, thus the latter should be considered upon forming policy.
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Food Security and Economic Growth: An Income Level Comparison
16-29Views:161Food security is a fundamental but often neglected aspect of economic growth and sustainable development. This paper examines the effect of food security on productivity (GDP/capita) over time, while taking the income level of various countries into account. Dynamic panel regression analyses suggest that food security is positively related to productivity, but this effect is stronger in more developed countries. The study highlights the complexity of the economic problems faced by the least developed countries, where increasing the consumption and supply of food is insufficient for significantly increasing economic performance.
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Comperative Economic Analysis of the Determining Leagues of European Clubfootball
22-35Views:442Nowadays sport is not just all about entertainment, or about social cohesion but also it has serious economic and business aspects. Sporteconimics is an individual concept and sector. Sport businesses are contributing more and more to national incomes. Football business are specially important parts of this complex system called sporteconomics. The aim of my research is to create an economic and also comparative analysis of the five top European football leagues, also called as the “Big5” which are responsible for 74% of the total football revenue in Europe. By the analysis of the 2019 UEFA report it can be stated that in these leagues more than 60% of the competing clubs achieved positive operating profits, but the structure of their revenues warns them to look for opportunities to increase their operating revenues. According to the data it is clear that wage cost is the most significant cost element in the industry as they cover 53-68% of their total revenue. These statements set the course for the economic development of European football. The management of these outstanding football clubs may give example to the ones falling behind including Hungarian football businesses.
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X/Y emberkép hatása a teljesítményre változó környezetben
429-440Views:495A vezetési stílus kérdésköre kutatott terület, több elmélet és modell is született az elmúlt évtizedekben, ezek közül az egyik legismertebb a McGregortól származó X/Y elmélet, amely nagy múltra tekint vissza, mégis máig foglalkoztatja a kutatókat. Az utóbbi években számos olyan elemzés is megvalósult, amely a stílusnak a szervezeti teljesítményre gyakorolt hatását vizsgálta objektív vagy szubjektív mutatók használatával. Ebben a munkámban az X/Y elmélet alapjainak, a családi vállalkozások meghatározásának és a teljesítménymérésre tett legutóbbi kísérleteknek a rövid áttekintésén túl családi vállalkozások vezetőinek körében végzett empirikus kutatásomat mutatom be. A kutatási kérdéseimmel (K1, K2) arra kerestem a választ, hogy van-e összefüggés a vezető McGregor-i emberképe és a vállalkozás teljesítménye között. A teljesítmény mérőszámaként korábbi kutatások nyomán objektív számviteli adatot, az értékesítés nettó árbevételét vettem alapul, a 2008-as gazdasági válság idején a vállalkozók vezetői is elsődlegesen ebben – az értékesítési forgalom változásában – mérték a válság hatásait. A korábbi, X/Y emberkép hatásait vizsgáló kutatások a válság lehetséges befolyásoló hatásait nem vették figyelembe, indokolt lehet ilyen tekintetben is elemzéseket végezni, ezért az első kérdésemben (K1) az X/Y emberkép és a 2008/2012 -i teljesítmény közötti összefüggést vizsgáltam, ezzel lehetőségem nyílt a 2008-as gazdasági válság induláskori (2008) és a vezetők előzetes várakozása szerint fellendülést hozó 2012-es év teljesítményének összevetésére. A kapott eredmények a korábbi kutatási eredményekhez hasonló képet mutatnak, az Y elmélet képviselői eredményesebbek, amelyet a kereszttábla-elemzés szignifikáns eredményei is megerősítettek. Második kérdésemben (K1) a gazdasági válság időszakának átugrásával a K1-hez képest más időhorizonton (2008/2017) vizsgáltam meg az X/Y elmélet szerinti lehetséges összefüggést. Ez utóbbi (K2) esetben a K1-től eltérően statisztikailag nincs kimutatható összefüggés a változók között, viszont az arányok arról tanúskodnak, hogy az Y emberképpel rendelkezők ebben az időtávban is sikeresebbek forgalomnövelés tekintetében. Az attitűdök nagyon nehezen formálhatók, viszont az X emberképpel rendelkező vezetőknek érdemes lehet felülvizsgálni az emberekről alkotott vélekedésüket, változtatni a hozzáállásukon, mert az eredményekből kitűnik, hogy mérhetően sikeresebb az, aki Y emberképpel rendelkezik. A vállalkozások többségénél aktuálissá váló generációváltás esetében a kapott eredmények tükrében azt is érdemes megfontolniuk a stafétát átadó vezetőknek, hogy milyen emberképpel rendelkező utódra bízzák a vállalkozás további irányítását.
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Practical Application of Methods in Strategy-Based Analyzes
59-72Views:429Increasing environmental volatility is a growing challenge for companies and businesses. The speed of economic events is changing, and the risk of uncertainty is increasing, requiring business to take a new approach to strategic planning. In the design and forming of their strategy, both the factors of the external and internal environment and the analysis of their competitors can be based on well-chosen methods. We consider the review of these methods, their application in planning and educational practice. The aim of our work, in which we present the methods that underpin the strategy applied in both domestic and international practice. The analysis of the external environment illustrates the construction and applicability of an external factor analysis matrix based on traditional PEST analysis and the Porter's five-factor model. In the case of internal factor analysis matrix, we focus on the approach of method choice, and on the applicable methods, the importance of the resource-based approach, the analysis of key factors and the Porter value chain analysis matrix. The third pillar of the analysis that underpins the strategy is the matrix-based assessment of competitors. The applicability of the methods depends on the form of the enterprise, the field of activity and the nature of its activities, which is complicated by the emergence of new economic spheres (e.g.: sharing) and transformed power relations.
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Statistical Evaluation of University Student’s Motivation and Personal Competency with Principal Component and Cluster Analysis
365-374Views:189The aim of the research is to do a statistical evaluation of agricultural and rural development engineer student’s motivation and personal competency. It sums up the late generation Y’s characteristics and challenges. To be a successful, graduated employee, not only the skill is needed but the personal competency as well. Altogether, 121 filled out questionnaires were collected from the students which were the prime source of the research. They had to evaluate influential factors to their motivation level and competence. The database was analyzed with descriptive statistic methods, principal component and cluster analysis. Studying the personal competency, five different factors were divided based on Belbin’s team roles and four clusters. The four clusters were established by the five factors. Analyzing the student’s educational motivation four different components were divided: the need of performance, social entertainment, the benefits of learning in the near future and the reach of the financial freedom. Based on the four components, generating clusters was not possible due to the significance level of the K-means cluster analysis because it was higher than 0,05 in every grouping variables.
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Topics in the Research of E-book Usage and the Applicable Findings of it for Product Development
453-479Views:190This article aims to review the recent academic researches on print and e-book usage experience and preferences. Their findings will be compared to the results of a primary research previously conducted by the author. Using these data the article presents the Five Product Level of e-books and e-readers. Reviewing the Hungarian and International e-book / print sales figures and publishing trends, the article shows ways for further research for a better e-book product understanding and highlights a few promising ways for future product development in e-books and e-readers.
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Justification for the Olympic Reform Package Based on Good Practice
Views:212The Olympic Games have always been the pinnacle of sport and achievement. The modern Olympics are held every four years, and the venue is chosen from among the cities that apply. In my research, I wanted to find out the reasons for the decline in the popularity of the Games. To answer this question, I looked at 2 successful Olympics (2000 Sydney, 2012 London) in the hope of identifying success factors that could be adapted to other host countries. I conducted secondary research, reviewed related international and national research, and the available economic data. During the document analysis, I found that the expected costs of organising the Olympic have increased significantly over the last two to three decades, and under-planning is a common feature. As a result of the research, I have found that the most important pillars of successful organisation are a proper organising committee, comprehensive opportunity and risk analysis, accurate planning, sustainability in planning, continuous cost control, private sector support, and the work of volunteers.
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CSR Strategy Creation
344-354Views:662The starting point for the need for social responsibility is to combat the deterioration and destruction of social and environmental values. The social and economic factors induce both society and the economy, including companies, to prioritize their social role. Corporate responsibility needs to be incorporated into the company's strategy so that it can be more planned in the long term, since CSR can thus maximize its impact, ultimately leading to maximizing profits. To be able to develop a strategy, we must first look at the broader environment to which we can apply PEST analysis, by analyzing the social, legal, polo-social and social environment. To take a closer look at the company's narrower environment, we can use the SWOT analysis to identify the company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and dangers. Based on these, the Hoshin Kanri method can be used to transform the company's own CSR strategy both short and long-term in order to become part of the corporate culture.
